In this article, we’ll explore an exciting and lesser-known aspect of metal detecting: hunting for meteorites. While many people envision hobbyists searching for coins, relics, or buried treasure, few realize that metal detectors can also uncover remnants from space.
Searching for these celestial pieces adds an exciting twist to the hobby, allowing enthusiasts to discover elements of history that originate from beyond our planet. These space rock fragments, often rich in metals like iron and nickel, can be detected using specialized equipment. Though finding coins and relics is the more common activity, venturing into the realm of celestial finds opens a new world of exploration. It combines a passion for the outdoors with the unique opportunity to encounter something truly extraordinary.
Many people are surprised to learn that fragments from space can often be worth significantly more than ancient coins or relics. In fact, many enthusiasts stumble upon the idea of hunting for these celestial treasures quite by accident. Although it’s common to mistake meteorites for ordinary rocks or pieces of iron, the true allure lies in their fascinating characteristics and history.
Meteorite hunting not only offers the thrill of discovery but also the potential for finding valuable specimens that hold great significance in the scientific community. For instance, some meteorites can fetch thousands of dollars at auction, depending on their size, composition, and rarity. This unique aspect of the hobby adds an exciting layer for both newcomers and seasoned detectorists alike, as the quest for these space rocks can lead to remarkable finds and unforgettable experiences.
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Where do meteorites come from?
Meteorites originate from space debris, including comets and asteroids, known as meteoroids. As these meteoroids fly near Earth, some enter the planet’s atmosphere. While most burn up during entry, some survive the descent and land on Earth’s surface. These fallen space rocks are what we call meteorites. The largest meteorite ever discovered, the Hoba meteorite in Namibia, weighs approximately 60 tons and is composed mainly of iron.
Interestingly, not all meteorites cause explosions or craters upon impact. Smaller fragments, especially those weighing less than 1 kg, often fall at slower speeds and may not even bury themselves deep in the ground. This makes them easier to detect visually or with a metal detector.
Types of meteorites
Not all meteorites are made of metal. They can be classified into several types, including stony, silicaceous, carbonaceous, stony-iron, and metal meteorites. Although most meteorites are rocky in nature, only around 20% of them contain iron or a combination of iron and stone. The presence of metals like plessite, an iron-nickel alloy, makes some meteorites detectable with a metal detector.
Among meteorites, stony ones are the most common and typically the least valuable. They are relatively easy to find and often leave small craters upon impact. On the other hand, iron meteorites are more challenging to identify, as they often resemble ordinary rocks. Their fragments can also melt easily, blending into the surrounding environment and making detection more difficult.
For treasure hunters, meteorites containing peridot, a semiprecious gemstone, are particularly sought after. Peridot is a variation of olivine and is often used in jewelry-making due to its vibrant green color. Finding these valuable meteorites requires not only skill but also a high-quality metal detector capable of detecting subtle metal traces within the rock. It’s worth noting that meteorite fragments can fetch prices ranging from hundreds to thousands of dollars per gram, depending on their rarity and composition.
Stony-iron meteorites, such as pallasites, are prized for their aesthetic value due to the embedded crystals of olivine, often green in color. Additionally, meteorites from Mars or the Moon are incredibly rare and valuable, with some pieces valued higher than gold per gram. This makes meteorite hunting not only a thrilling adventure but also a potentially lucrative one.
Can You Find Meteorites with a Metal Detector?
Yes, it is indeed possible to find meteorites using a metal detector. Most meteorites contain metals such as iron and nickel, making them detectable with standard metal detecting equipment. Almost all meteorites have some iron content, which significantly aids in their detection. Specifically, iron and stony-iron meteorites are relatively easy to identify using an ordinary metal detector, which can be one of the devices discussed in this article.
How to Find Meteorites with a Metal Detector
Finding meteorites requires a combination of careful planning, research, and the application of effective techniques. Below is a step-by-step guide to help you in your meteorite hunting endeavors.
Research and Education
Begin by learning about meteorites, their classifications, and the types of meteorites likely to contain metals, such as iron or nickel. Understanding the characteristics of different meteorite types will increase your chances of making a successful find.
Meteorites are typically classified into three main groups:
- Iron Meteorites: These consist primarily of metallic iron, often with nickel and other metals. They are dense and magnetic.
- Stony Meteorites: These are rocky in nature and can be more challenging to identify.
- Stony-Iron Meteorites: These appear similar to metal sponges and often contain mineral inclusions like peridot.
Identifying Potential Meteorites
When examining a found object, there are several signs that can indicate it is a meteorite.
- Magnetism: A key indicator is that the rock becomes magnetized. If a compass needle reacts when close to the object, it is likely a meteorite. Use a magnet to test this; if the rock attracts the magnet, it’s a good sign.
- Density: Meteorites typically have a higher density than common terrestrial rocks. Even if a meteorite and a granite rock are of similar size, the meteorite will be significantly heavier.
- Surface Characteristics: Meteorites may exhibit unique features from their passage through the atmosphere. Many will have smooth surfaces with a fusion crust, which can range from a few microns to 1 mm thick. Cavity formations may also be present due to high-temperature impacts. Those that did not rotate while descending often exhibit a bullet or conical shape.
It’s essential to differentiate between meteorites and terrestrial materials. For instance, slag, a byproduct of metalworking, may be confused with meteorites. Slag is typically heavier, has a porous structure, and shows signs of flowing, unlike meteorites.
Environmental Considerations
The environment where you search for meteorites can significantly impact your success. Meteorites exposed to humid climates are more prone to oxidation, which can lead to their degradation. This process can create cavities or cause the meteorite to corrode, altering its appearance over time.
Best metal detector for meteorites
When it comes to selecting a metal detector for meteorite hunting, it’s crucial to strike a balance between simplicity and functionality.
Why Avoid Simple Metal Detectors
While basic metal detectors may seem appealing due to their cost, their sensitivity is often minimal. Many meteorites are buried beneath layers of soil, making it difficult for these devices to pick up signals from deeper finds. Therefore, using a very simple metal detector may lead to frustration and missed opportunities.
The Downsides of Professional Detectors
On the other hand, professional-grade metal detectors may not be the best option either. These devices typically require clear areas for effective operation and can prompt you to dig up every signal, including those that are irrelevant. This could quickly become tedious and time-consuming.
Recommended Metal Detectors
Instead, consider purchasing a mid-range metal detector from this article. Most of these detectors are well-suited for meteorite hunting, with the exception of the most basic model, which may lack the necessary sensitivity for this task.
Key Features to Look For
When selecting a metal detector for meteorite hunting, focus on these important features:
- All Metal Mode: Look for a detector that has an All Metal mode without discrimination. This feature allows the detector to sense all types of metal without excluding any signals. Meteorites can vary in size and shape, and depending on their nickel content, they may fall into various discrimination segments of the device. Excluding any segment could mean missing out on detecting specific meteorites.
- Lower Discrimination Settings: Smaller meteorites typically produce weaker signals and may appear lower on the discrimination scale. Since nickel reduces the electric conductivity of meteorites, you may need to adjust your detector to a lower discrimination setting to detect them effectively.
- Understanding Meteorite Size: It’s essential to learn how to detect small meteorites because there are far more small ones than large meteorites in the ground. The chances of stumbling upon a meteorite the size of a football are slim, but you are much more likely to find ones the size of a golf ball or even a ping-pong ball.
Top Recommendation
One of the best metal detectors for meteorite hunting is the Garrett ACE APEX. This model is known for its straightforward settings, user-friendly controls, and lightweight design. It also features excellent discrimination capabilities while being relatively affordable. Although it is not specifically designed for beach detection—like some Nokta metal detectors—it excels in meteorite hunting, making it a practical choice for enthusiasts.
Last update on 2024-12-01 / Affiliate links / Images from Amazon Product Advertising API / Source: Amazon Affiliates
Where to find meteorites? Select a Suitable Location
Ideal Locations for Meteorite Hunting
Meteorites fall frequently in various corners of the world, and certain environments are more conducive to finding these celestial treasures than others.
Optimal Hunting Grounds
Large and Open Spaces: Meteorites are often discovered in expansive and open landscapes. Fields and semi-savanna regions are particularly promising since they provide minimal obstruction for detection. Thickly planted areas, dense grass, and trees can hinder your search efforts, making it difficult to spot meteorites.
Uninhabited Locations: Seek out uninhabited areas where meteorites may have accumulated over thousands of years. These locations are less likely to be disturbed by human activity, ensuring that meteorites remain visible and undamaged by debris or soil accumulation.
Dry Climates: The climate plays a crucial role in the preservation of meteorites. Dry environments help keep meteorites intact for extended periods, preventing corrosion and decay that can occur in moist conditions.
Best Environments for Meteorite Hunting
- Deserts and Arid Regions: These areas are among the best for meteorite hunting due to their lack of vegetation and moisture. The stark landscape makes it easier to spot meteorites on the surface. Notable examples include:
- Atacama Desert in Chile
- Nullarbor Plain in Australia
- Open Plains and Grasslands: These regions can also be suitable for meteorite hunting, especially when the vegetation is sparse. When exploring these areas, look for spots where meteorites are more likely to be visible on the ground.
Avoiding Problematic Areas
When selecting a site, avoid locations that are trashy or contain “hot rocks” (rocks that can interfere with metal detector performance). Constantly stopping to dig these false signals can significantly slow down your search and limit the area you can cover.
By choosing the right locations and understanding the environmental factors that aid in meteorite hunting, you’ll increase your chances of discovering these fascinating fragments from space.
If you find a meteorite can you keep it?
Legal Considerations for Keeping Found Meteorites
The ability to keep a meteorite you find is influenced by the legal and ownership regulations of the country or region where the discovery occurs. Generally, meteorites are subject to property laws similar to other rocks or minerals. Here are some key considerations to keep in mind:
1. Private Property
If you discover a meteorite on private land, it is essential to seek permission from the landowner before removing or keeping it. Meteorites that fall from the sky may legally become part of the property and thus subject to the owner’s rights. Always approach the property owner and clarify your intentions before proceeding.
2. Public Lands
On public lands, the regulations can vary significantly. In some areas, you may be allowed to collect meteorites for personal use without any restrictions. However, in other locations, you might need a permit to collect meteorites. It’s crucial to check with the relevant authorities, such as national parks or land management agencies, to understand the specific rules governing meteorite collection in those areas.
3. Antarctica
Finding a meteorite in Antarctica is subject to the Antarctic Treaty System, which imposes strict regulations regarding the collection and export of meteorites from the continent. You may need to obtain permission from the government of your home country before taking any meteorites from Antarctica.
4. International Regulations
There are various international guidelines and agreements that govern the collection and trade of meteorites. Some countries may impose restrictions on the export of meteorites, particularly those of scientific significance. Familiarize yourself with these regulations to avoid potential legal issues.
5. Scientific Value
Meteorites with significant scientific value may be subject to additional regulations. Authorities often encourage finders to report such discoveries for further study and analysis. If you suspect that a meteorite you found has scientific importance, consider contacting local scientific institutions or universities for guidance.